BUSINESS VISAS: E VISAS FOR TREATY TRADERS & INVESTORS

INTRODUCTION TO THE E VISA

Are you a foreign business owner or essential business personnel who intend to expand your business into the U.S.?

Here at Zhang & Associates, we regularly help foreigners deal with the complex immigration procedures involved in migrating to the United States for these purposes.  Depending on your country of nationality, you may be eligible for a temporary visa called the E visa. The E nonimmigrant visa classification is open to nationals (and their dependents) of foreign countries with a treaty of commerce and navigation with the United States.  The national must be coming to the U.S. with the intention of doing one of the following:

Carry on substantial trade, including trade in services or technology, principally between the U.S. and the foreign state of which he or she is a national.  This is the E-1 category for treaty traders;

or

Develop and direct the operations of an enterprise in which he or she has invested, or actively in the process of investing, a substantial amount of capital.  This is the E-2 category for treaty investors.

Currently, 50 countries are eligible for the E-1 category and 76 countries for the E-2 category.  Canada, Taiwan ROC, Japan, South Korea, Mexico, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Australia and the United Kingdom are all eligible for both the E-1 and E-2 categories.  Citizens of India, Mainland China, Hong Kong and Macau are not currently eligible for E category visas. If you are not aware whether your country has a treaty with the United States, please check the updated list at our website www.hooyou.com or contact us for more information.

Australians are further eligible for E-3, a visa subcategory specifically designated and exclusively reserved for Australian professionals working in various “specialty occupations”.   In terms of substantive requirements, the E3 is similar to H1B.  However, for consular processing requirements, the E-3 is similar to both E1 and E2.

Where can I file an application for an E visa?

E visa applications can be filed at a consulate outside the United States or inside the United States, if you are currently here legally, through an application with the USCIS called a change of status request. The processing of E visa typically involves two steps:   The employer’s registration as treaty trader or treaty investor at the consulate, and the employee’s application of E1/E2 visa.  The registration takes about 4 to 6 weeks, and the visa interview can be scheduled in about two weeks.

How long is the E visa valid?

E category visas are usually approved for two to five years. Extensions may be requested and are issued in increments of up to two years.  There is no limit to the number of extensions that can be issued, however, the alien must not intend to remain or work permanently in the U.S. 

What are the requirements for E-1 Category Treaty Traders ?

  • Applicant must be a national of a treaty country
  • Applicant’s trading firm must be the nationality of a treaty country (this is determined by the nationality of the firm’s owners)
  • International trade must be substantial, a sizeable and continuing volume of trade and more than 50% of the international trade involved must be between the U.S. and the treaty country.
  • Applicant must be employed in a supervisory or executive capacity or possess highly specialized skills essential to the efficient operation of the firm.  Ordinary skilled and unskilled workers do not qualify.

Requirements for E-2 Category Treaty Investors

  • Investor must be a national of a treaty country
  • The investment must be substantial and the investment must be a real operating enterprise. Substantial means, at the minimum, that the investment must generate significantly more income than just to provide a living to the investor and family, and it must have a significant economic impact on the United States;
  • The investor must have control of the funds, and the investment must be at risk in the commercial sense.
  • The investor must be coming to the U.S. to develop and direct the enterprise. If the applicant is not the principal investor, he or she must be employed in a supervisory, executive, or highly specialized skill capacity. Ordinary skilled and unskilled workers do not qualify.

Requirements for E-3 Category Australian Nationals

  • Applicant must be an Australian citizen
  • Applicant must have a legitimate offer of employment in the U.S.
  • The position applicant is coming to fill qualifies as specialty occupation employment
  • Applicant has the necessary academic or qualifying credentials (either a Bachelor’s degree or )
  • Applicant’s stay will be temporary

Comparison to other Visas
The E1/E2 visa offers many advantages in comparison with other nonimmigrant visas.  While the E1/E2 visa does require temporary intent, there is no obligation to maintain a foreign residence.  The E1/E2 visa also has an unlimited number of extensions, although it does require that the alien affirm that he or she will leave at the end of the authorized stay. 

Here is a comparison of the E1/E2 visa with H1B and L1 visas:

 

E1/E2 Visa

H1B Visa

L1 Visa

Country Specific

Yes

No

No

Numerical Restriction

No

Yes

No

Educational Requirement

No

Yes

No

Prevailing Wage Requirement

No

Yes

No

Length of Visa

up to 5 years

6 months

1 year

Maximum Period of Stay

Initial admission up to two years, no limit
on renewals

6 year limit; limited
extensions

5-7 year limit

USCIS approval of employer petition needed first?

No

Yes

Yes

Dual Intent

Yes (in practice)

Yes

Yes

Spouses allowed to work?

Can apply for Employment
Authorization Document

No

Can apply for Employment
Authorization Document

Advantages of the E visa over the H-1B visa:

The biggest advantage of the E visa over the H-1B visa is that there is no quota.  Thus, an individual or corporation can apply throughout the year for an E visa.  Moreover, while there is an initial time limit on the length of an E visa and each subsequent extension is of fixed duration, there is no upper limit on the number of extensions, unlike H-1B. Therefore, an individual can remain in E status in the United States for the duration of the eligible business activity. There is no educational requirement to qualify for E status and no fixed rules regarding wages.  Moreover, the spouse of an E visa holder is eligible to apply for employment authorization, unlike the spouse of an H-1B visa holder.  Since the E visa holder can remain in the United States for the duration of qualifying business activities, this is a good option for those investors or traders who want to move to the United States to take advantage of a strong economy to start a business.  They can then conduct their business activities in the United States without worrying about immigration requirements.

Counterbalancing this, of course, the E visa applicant must have a concrete plan backed up with appropriate financial resources to conduct the eligible business activities in the United States.  Only nationals of certain countries are eligible for E status.

In addition, the E visa enjoys certain advantages over the L visa.  To be eligible for the L visa, a qualifying company affiliation relationship must continuously exist during the whole L1 term. Furthermore, the L-1 beneficiary must have worked at least one year for the overseas company in the past three years.  No such requirements apply to the E visa.  The E trader or investor does not necessarily be a US company; it can be a foreign individual or company. The disadvantage of an E visa in comparison to L of course is that only citizens of treaty countries are eligible for an E visa whereas no such requirement applies to L visa holders.  The L visa tends to be a bridge to permanent residency in the EB-1(c) category while the E visa can be a bridge to permanent residency in the EB-5 category. 

Our Services
Zhang & Associates has been successful in attaining E Visas for nationals of various countries in different industries.  The majority of our E-Visa clientele are citizens of Taiwan, South Korea, Canada, Australia, Singapore, Thailand, Japan, Philippines, Mexico, South Africa, and the UK.  Their commercial interests represent a range of industries such as hotel/motel franchises, restaurant franchises, gas stations, convenient stores, consulting firms, trading companies, distribution and wholesale, commercial real estate development, and furniture stores.  The E visa is a good choice for small businesses. The dollar amount involved need not be huge or excessive to make the business viable and the visa application acceptable. Attorney brings his substantial expertise and background in E visa immigration to the firm.  He has assisted many clients in obtaining E visas from U.S. consular posts in Canada, South Korea, and Taiwan and is thoroughly well-versed and experienced in this category.

The specific services that we provide include:

  1. Helping you structure the nationality of your business to ensure that you comply with the nationality rules under the appropriate treaty
  2. Structure the business and responsibilities of the employees to comply with the legal requirements (note that both corporate entities and individuals are eligible to acquire E status.  Depending on their responsibilities and nationality, certain employees may also be eligible for E status)
  3. Provide counsel regarding the types of activities, the financial scope of those activities, and the proportion of U.S. specific activity that are legally required.

Zhang and Associates – your choice for business immigration!

In the past 12 years, our 11 experienced attorneys successfully represented hundreds of business-oriented immigration cases, including E visas, L visas, EB5 investor immigration, and EB-1(c) multinational executive/manager immigration.

With four offices located in Chicago, New York, Houston, and Austin, we bring convenience and experience right to your door.  If you have any questions about your eligibility for an E visa, we invite you to email Attorney at info@hooyou.com for a free consultation.

Here at Zhang and Associates, we make it our mission to worry about your immigration requirements so you can worry about what really matters to you: your business.

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Founded in 1996, Zhang & Associates, P.C. offers legal services to clients nationwide in all aspects of U.S immigration law. We have successfully handled thousands of immigration cases.

At Zhang & Associates, P.C., our attorneys and supporting professionals are committed to providing high-quality immigration and non-immigration visa services. We specialize in NIW, EB-1, PERM, and I-485 cases. In the past twelve years, we have successfully helped thousands of clients get green cards. If you plan to apply for a green card, please send your CV to Attorney Jerry Zhang (info@hooyou.com) for a free evaluation.

Zhang & Associates, PC.

Houston ∙ New York ∙ Chicago ∙ Austin
Tel:1-800-230-7040, 713-771-8433
Email: info@hooyou.com
website:http://www.hooyou.com

(10/08/2008)

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